Mercury, known as Budha, is the celestial prince representing intelligence, born from the controversial union between the Moon (Mind) and Tara, the wife of Jupiter (Wisdom).

He is the initiator of the Chandravansh (Lunar Dynasty) through his son Puruava, yet is astrologically treated as an eunuch and linked to impotence.

Governing logic, discrimination, wit, and speech, he is referred to as a "Mimansank"—someone capable of grasping and explaining complex points with ease.

His nature is highly impressionable, causing him to adopt the characteristics of whichever planet is influencing him at the time.

He treats the Moon as an enemy because intelligence is wary of the mind's quick-acting instability, while remaining neutral to Jupiter and a friend to Venus.

He is described as having incomparable beauty and a dark blue complexion resembling a Priyangu bud

Known as Mangala or Kuja, Mars is the Celestial Commander-in-Chief and is primarily referred to as Bhumiputra because he was born from the Earth, either through her union with Lord Vishnu's Varaha avatar or from a drop of Lord Shiva’s divine sweat that fell during his deep meditation. As the Son of Earth, he is the divine provider of worldly assets like houses, land, and shelter, granting individuals the physical energy and courage required for purposeful action. His astrological influence is of paramount importance for marital harmony and the acquisition of property, though his fiery nature represents energy personified that must be favorably aligned to avoid sorrow

The Moon (Chandra) is defined in the Puranas by his divine origins and infamous "indiscretions." Born from the concentration (Manas) of Sage Atri, he was granted lordship over seeds and herbs by Brahma. However, his life was marked by controversy, beginning with his marriage to the 27 daughters of Daksha Prajapati. His undue favoritism toward his wife Rohini led to a curse of "Kshaya" (gradual decay) from Daksha, which explains why the moon wanes every month.The most scandalous event was his abduction of Tara, the wife of his preceptor, Jupiter (Brihaspati). This "diabolical" act resulted in the birth of Budha (Mercury), who founded the Chandravansh (Lunar Dynasty). To cleanse the Moon of these "evil thoughts," Lord Shiva bisected him, wearing the pure half as "Chandra Shekhra" on his head. Consequently, looking at the Moon on the Chaturthi of Bhadra month is a social taboo, believed to induce a fallen state of mind. This heritage illustrates the Puranic view of the Moon as the primary indicator of the unstable human mind.