Nick and Raal mark Undocked’s first live episode from Bergen with two competing visions for AI in maritime: scalable human expertise and the decline of middle management. The discussion explores performance data, adaptive learning, digital twins, shipboard roles, and why technical judgement may matter more as AI becomes operationally embedded.

• 00:28 Norway anniversary and the Bergen live episode
• 02:02 Preparing for a 20-minute live Undocked
• 05:10 AI, workforce needs, and the human factor
• 06:15 Live Undocked begins at BISC
• 07:34 Raal’s idea: scaling human capital
• 08:00 Arm farms, observation, and performance data
• 10:58 Training, adaptive learning, and needs analysis
• 13:35 Digital twins and transferable expertise
• 15:04 Nick’s idea: the death of the manager
• 16:20 AI-led organisations and the changing middle layer
• 20:01 Meat layer, execution work, and maritime application
• 22:43 Technical expertise and Gell-Mann amnesia
• 24:56 Debriefing the live session
• 29:04 Why shipping follows other sectors
• 31:08 Prototyping adaptive learning
• 32:55 Reflections on live formats and future events

This episode begins in Bergen, where Nick and Raal revisit Undocked’s Norwegian origin story and reflect on the challenge of taking an intentionally loose, edited podcast format onto a live conference stage. The brief from the Bergen International Shipping Conference was simple but unforgiving: twenty minutes, two big ideas, and no room for the usual rambling.

The live discussion centres on AI and the maritime workforce. Raal argues that AI will not simply replace human capital, but make expertise more observable, transferable and scalable. Starting from the unsettling image of an “arm farm”, he reframes machine observation as a possible route to better performance data, sharper training needs analysis and adaptive learning pathways built around the individual rather than rank-based progression.

Nick takes the more provocative line, imagining a future in which AI moves from helpful assistant to organisational operator, leaving humans to provide execution, accountability, governance and trust. His “death of the manager” thesis asks what happens when AI becomes better at measuring performance, turning strategy into plans and monitoring outcomes than the human middle layer currently doing much of that work.

The conversation closes on the maritime consequences: shipboard roles, the risk of further gigification, the enduring need for technical work, and the importance of knowing when AI is wrong. In a safety-critical industry, the episode lands on a pragmatic tension: AI may remove some layers of work, but it will also raise the premium on judgement, challenge and domain expertise.

This episode of Undocked is brought to you by IEC Telecom.

IEC Telecom delivers integrated multi-orbit connectivity for maritime and offshore operations, bringing LEO and GEO networks together into reliable, flexible systems for vessels at sea.

Learn more at iec-telecom.com

Nick and Raal report from Bergen after Undocked’s first live stage appearance, capturing interviews with Michael Beckley, Sabrina Chao, Andreas Enger, Julian Bray, Pia Melling and Göran Persson. Across geopolitics, China, ammonia, ship management, market cycles and climate, the episode asks how shipping shifts from efficiency to resilience.

00:42 — Welcome back from Bergen
01:38 — Setting the scene: Maritime Bergen and Undocked Live
03:15 — Why geopolitics dominated the agenda
04:23 — Michael Beckley on shipping, security and great power tension
07:44 — The three tailwinds turning into headwinds
09:23 — AI, productivity and the limits of comparison
11:35 — Decarbonisation, energy security and global rules
16:38 — Raal and Nick reflect on resilience over efficiency
19:14 — Sabrina Chao on China, Norway and maritime collaboration
23:03 — China’s green transition and the need for regulatory certainty
26:53 — Shipping as a model for global cooperation
29:17 — Nick and Raal unpack China’s maritime position
31:15 — Andreas Enger on China, ammonia and shipbuilding capacity
38:04 — Chinese dominance in shipbuilding and the risks of disengagement
40:27 — Höegh Autoliners’ ammonia-ready future
42:20 — One hundred years of adaptation at Höegh
47:19 — Leadership, transformation and making the right decisions
56:18 — Julian Bray on risk, cash and market cycles
1:00:17 — Why this is not quite 2008 again
1:03:25 — Pia Melling on ship management, services and adaptability
1:07:33 — Why more owners are outsourcing specialist services
1:10:03 — Energy-saving technologies and practical decarbonisation
1:12:19 — AI, learning and changing work at sea and ashore
1:17:02 — Göran Persson on global institutions and shipping’s role
1:20:15 — Making shipping visible through green leadership
1:21:43 — Final reflections: avoiding groupthink and widening perspectives

This special episode comes from Bergen, where Nick and Raal recorded quick-fire conversations with speakers from Maritime Bergen.

Michael Beckley sets the geopolitical frame: the tailwinds of globalisation, demographics and industrial productivity are weakening, pushing shipping to think more about resilience than efficiency.

Sabrina Chao brings a Chinese perspective on collaboration, regulatory certainty and decarbonisation, while Andreas Enger grounds the China discussion in ammonia, shipbuilding capacity and Höegh Autoliners’ long-cycle approach to transformation.

Julian Bray looks at market risk and why today’s stronger balance sheets make this cycle different from 2008. Pia Melling explains how ship management is evolving as owners seek scale, specialist services and practical support with energy efficiency, crew welfare and AI.

Finally, former Swedish Prime Minister Göran Persson argues that shipping must become more visible by leading on green transport, investment and innovation.

Together, the episode captures an industry adapting to a more fragmented world while trying to keep sight of long-term transformation.

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Stylianos Papageorgiou of Lomar Labs joins Nick and Raal to explain how a ship owner can help maritime startups move from promising prototypes to usable technology. The conversation covers the Compass programme, onboard testing, energy transition, autonomous systems, seafarer engagement, and why innovation only matters when it solves operational problems.

• 00:27 Introduction to Stylianos Papageorgiou and Lomar Labs
• 01:24 Lomar’s 50-year history and appetite for change
• 02:42 Episode partner: GTT Marine
• 03:21 Why Lomar built its own venture lab
• 09:35 Using a changing fleet as a testbed
• 11:34 How Lomar Labs works with startups
• 14:08 Choosing problems worth solving
• 16:14 Building the Compass programme
• 17:56 R&D, innovation, and procurement
• 20:38 The three pillars: technical risk, commercial readiness, and funding
• 25:40 Portfolio focus: future of work, energy, and emissions
• 29:47 Testing technology on ships without overwhelming operations
• 31:09 Seafarer feedback and onboard experimentation
• 33:41 What makes a startup worth backing
• 37:22 Commercialisation, pricing, and market realities
• 39:15 Regulation, timing, and the energy transition
• 46:46 Future of work at sea
• 49:45 Autonomous navigation and alarm overload
• 51:10 Signal Fusion, behavioural data, and human judgement
• 53:27 Automated audit trails and the limits of measurement
• 54:01 The long-term vision for Lomar Labs
• 55:56 How shipping can better support innovation
• 58:23 How startups and shipping companies can reach Lomar Labs

This episode begins with Stylianos Papageorgiou, managing director of Lomar Labs, drawing a sharp line between R&D and innovation: one creates knowledge, the other turns it into viable businesses. It is a useful distinction for shipping, where promising technology often struggles to survive contact with operational reality.

Nick and Raal explore why Lomar built its own venture lab rather than joining an accelerator or investing through a fund. Stylianos explains how the Compass programme gives startups structured access to ships, crews, class, flag, and commercial feedback — without demanding exclusivity, discounted first units, or shared IP.

The conversation moves from model to mechanics: technical de-risking, commercial readiness, funding pathways, and the floating laboratory Lomar uses to test modular technology onboard without disrupting day-to-day operations. There is also a clear focus on seafarers, who are not treated as passive subjects of innovation but as critical users whose feedback can shape whether a product works.

The episode closes on regulation, energy transition, autonomous systems, and founder discipline. Stylianos argues that startups should solve problems shipping genuinely values, not simply wait for regulation to force adoption. For shipowners, the lesson is equally pragmatic: innovation needs managed risk, real assets, and enough patience to let useful ideas mature.

This episode of Undocked is brought to you by GTT Marine.

The Great Integration, a new report from Danalec and Thetius, looks at how fragmented systems are eroding decision quality across shipping — and what owners can do about it.
Learn more at gttmarine.fr.

This week, Raal and Nick catch up as Posidonia 2026 gets into full swing. With Nick reporting live from Athens and Raal experiencing Posidonia FOMO from afar, the conversation explores what’s really happening beneath the headlines.

From the explosion of AI messaging across the exhibition floor to the technologies that are quietly moving from concept to commercial reality, this episode separates hype from substance.

They discuss why governance is becoming the defining challenge for AI adoption, how simulation technology is reaching new levels of realism, why condition-based maintenance may finally be having its moment, and what recent industry deals tell us about the future direction of maritime software.

Along the way, they examine why alternative fuels seem to have disappeared from centre stage and what has replaced them as shipping's immediate priority.

Chapters

00:00 Live from Posidonia: Raal's missing, Nick's roaming

02:00 AI everywhere: genuine innovation or marketing necessity?

05:00 What separates serious AI solutions from AI wrappers

09:00 From ideas to products: when does innovation become commercial reality?

12:00 Why shipping only solves problems when they become unavoidable

14:00 Hot or Not: the technologies dominating Posidonia 2026

17:00 Alternative fuels are out. Vessel performance is in.

18:00 Simulation technology is getting frighteningly realistic

23:00 Why great simulations don't always need great technology

26:00 AI governance moves from theory to business priority

28:00 Kaiko's acquisition and what it says about maritime software consolidation

38:00 Condition-based maintenance may finally be ready for prime time

41:00 Why inspections are becoming valuable data sources

44:00 Looking ahead to Bergen Shipping Conference

This episode is brought to you by KVH. Delivering resilient connectivity, data, and insights to keep maritime operations connected, informed, and moving, wherever you are. Learn more at kvh.com.

Nick and Raal reunite after weeks on the road to discuss the growing pressures reshaping shipping: geopolitical instability, seafarers operating in conflict zones, AI-driven decision-making, and the fragility of global supply chains. The conversation explores why resilience — operational, human, and digital — is rapidly overtaking efficiency as shipping’s defining priority.

• 00:00 A long-overdue hosts-only episode
• 01:39 IMEC and “People at the Helm”
• 04:21 Seafarers in conflict zones
• 07:27 Real-time information and crew psychology
• 10:34 Geopolitics and rerouted supply chains
• 15:33 Decision-making under pressure
• 19:11 Welfare support and trust in AI
• 21:59 Voyage optimisation and supervised automation
• 30:15 AI adoption gaps onboard
• 35:25 Maritime AI and fragmented data
• 46:02 Vendor lock-in and cloud dependency
• 55:50 Digital twins and organisational knowledge
• 01:02:19 Email overload and operational culture

Nick and Raal return for a rare hosts-only conversation following several weeks of conferences, travel, and near-misses in airports and hotels. The discussion opens with reflections from IMEC’s “People at the Helm” conference, where shipowners, unions, welfare organisations, and employers gathered to discuss the realities facing seafarers in an increasingly unstable world.

A major theme throughout the episode is geopolitics and what it now means for maritime operations. From the Red Sea to the Strait of Hormuz, the pair explore how conflict risk is reshaping assumptions around global trade, crewing, and operational resilience. They discuss the uncomfortable reality that merchant seafarers are increasingly exposed to direct geopolitical risk while supply chains continue to rely on globally fragmented ownership, flags, and labour models.

The conversation then turns toward resilience — not just in trade routes, but in people and decision-making. Nick and Raal examine how rerouted voyages, longer sailing distances, and constant operational pressure are changing the demands placed on crews. That leads into a wider discussion around training, fatigue, welfare support, and whether existing maritime frameworks were ever designed for the level of disruption now facing the industry.

The second half of the episode focuses on AI, voyage optimisation, and the “human in the loop” problem. Drawing on recent research into RPM optimisation and supervised automation, Nick explains why sophisticated AI recommendations often fail to translate into operational behaviour onboard. Workload, alarm fatigue, fragmented systems, and competing priorities all contribute to the growing execution gap between software and shipboard reality.

The episode closes with a broader discussion about digital infrastructure, vendor lock-in, and AI-enabled organisational knowledge. From cloud dependency to digital twins, Nick and Raal explore how maritime businesses may eventually codify operational judgement and experience — while questioning how much human expertise can truly be replicated by machines.

This episode of Undocked is brought to you by Lloyd’s Maritime Academy.

The future of shipping is being shaped right now — from AI and decarbonisation to digital operations. Lloyd’s Maritime Academy offers forward-looking courses designed to help maritime professionals build practical expertise for the industry ahead. Download the 2026 here.

Raal Harris speaks with Susanne Justesen of the Global Maritime Forum about the evolution of the All Aboard Alliance and a new industry effort to establish transparent, independently verified crew welfare standards. The conversation explores fatigue, psychological safety, data ownership, commercial incentives, and why shipping must move beyond minimum compliance toward measurable human sustainability.

• 01:22 Susanne Justesen on joining maritime and the role of GMF
• 04:20 How the Global Maritime Forum drives industry collaboration
• 07:00 The origins and evolution of the All Aboard Alliance
• 11:15 Why crew welfare, diversity and safety are interconnected
• 14:45 Maritime exceptionalism and lessons from other sectors
• 18:05 Sustainable crewing guidelines and sharing best practice
• 22:10 Moving from self-assessment to measurable transparency
• 25:00 New welfare standards, benchmarking and certification plans
• 28:10 Aligning commercial incentives with crew welfare
• 31:15 Charterers, retailers and the challenge of transparency
• 34:00 Human data, AI and concerns around surveillance
• 38:00 Learning from what works rather than only failures
• 41:00 What happens next for the Alliance and its standards work
• 44:00 Closing remarks

Recorded live from the IMEC People at the Helm conference in Southampton, Raal Harris sits down with Susanne Justesen, Human Sustainability Director at the Global Maritime Forum, to discuss the next phase of the All Aboard Alliance and the industry’s growing focus on measurable crew welfare standards.

The conversation begins with Susanne’s route into maritime from the world of innovation and diversity advisory work, before unpacking the role GMF plays in convening senior leaders across shipping’s value chain to tackle problems that regulation alone has struggled to solve.

From there, the discussion turns to the origins of the All Aboard Alliance and how its initial focus on diversity, equity and inclusion has evolved into a broader effort to improve living and working conditions at sea. Susanne explains why fatigue, safety, psychological wellbeing and inclusion cannot be treated as separate issues, and why the industry needs clearer ways to identify what “good” actually looks like onboard.

A major focus of the episode is the Alliance’s newly launched initiative to develop independently verifiable crew welfare standards. Susanne outlines plans for global benchmarking, transparency around operational indicators, and certification models that could eventually help charterers, financiers and cargo owners distinguish between vessels based not only on technical performance, but also on the conditions experienced by crews.

The conversation also explores the economics behind welfare investment, the risks of fragmented customer-led regulation, and the growing importance of human-centred operational data. Raal and Susanne discuss AI, fatigue monitoring, psychological safety, and the tension between useful insight and intrusive surveillance.

The episode closes with a wider reflection on culture change in shipping: why the industry often focuses too heavily on failures, and why meaningful progress may come faster by studying vessels and operators where things are already working well.

This episode of Undocked is brought to you by IEC Telecom.

IEC Telecom delivers fully integrated multi-orbit connectivity solutions for maritime and offshore operations, combining LEO and GEO networks into seamless, reliable systems at sea.

Learn more at iec-telecom.com

Zero44 founder Friederike Hesse joins Undocked to unpack the operational reality of maritime decarbonisation compliance. From FuelEU pooling and EU ETS accounting to the unintended consequences of CII, the discussion explores how regulation is reshaping commercial shipping — and why software is rapidly becoming essential infrastructure for managing complexity.

• 00:38 Introducing Friederike Hesse and Zero44
• 02:15 From startups and consulting into maritime
• 04:34 Lessons from scaling Homeday
• 07:36 Why maritime decarbonisation became a software problem
• 11:25 Breaking down EU ETS and FuelEU
• 15:06 FuelEU pooling and compliance markets
• 19:06 Early operational impacts of regulation
• 21:09 Why spreadsheets are no longer enough
• 24:34 Building Zero44 product-by-product around regulation
• 31:17 Paying penalties versus optimising compliance
• 35:32 Regulatory uncertainty and the IMO net zero framework
• 40:43 Fragmented global regulation and UK ETS
• 43:06 Women, networks, and inclusion in maritime
• 47:56 Building a mixed maritime-tech startup team
• 50:11 What comes next for Zero44

This week on Undocked, Nick and Raal are joined by Friederike Hesse, founder and CEO of Zero44, to discuss the rapidly growing complexity of maritime decarbonisation compliance — and why software is becoming central to how shipping companies operate.

The conversation begins with Friederike’s route into shipping from economics, consulting and Berlin’s startup ecosystem, before unpacking how Zero44 emerged from the wave of regulation arriving in European shipping from 2023 onwards. What started as a tool for monitoring CII risk has evolved into a broader platform for managing EU ETS, FuelEU Maritime and increasingly complex commercial carbon strategies.

The discussion explores the mechanics behind FuelEU pooling, the emergence of private carbon marketplaces, and why compliance is becoming a commercial optimisation exercise rather than a simple reporting obligation. Friederike explains how operators are balancing fuel costs, penalties, charterparty agreements and voluntary carbon markets — often simultaneously — and why spreadsheets are no longer sufficient to manage the interdependencies involved.

Nick and Raal also examine some of the unintended consequences of regulation, including distorted operational behaviour under CII, while discussing the industry’s growing adoption of biofuels and the increasing fragmentation of regional carbon regimes, including UK ETS and potential future national systems.

The episode closes with a broader conversation about building technology companies in maritime, the challenge of regulatory uncertainty, and the social dynamics of an industry still heavily shaped by traditional networks and relationship-building.

This episode is brought to you by Lloyd’s Maritime Academy.

With students in more than 185 countries, Lloyd’s Maritime Academy provides industry-recognised maritime education designed for professionals across shipping, trade and logistics. Click here to learn more.

Claire Georgeson joins UnDocked to discuss why shipping’s human element remains under-measured despite mounting operational pressures. From piracy-era chartering to founding PsyFyi, she argues the industry must treat seafarers as strategic assets rather than operational costs. The conversation explores crew benchmarking, paperwork fatigue, retention risks, and the growing commercial value of human-centred operational data.

• 03:03 Falling into shipping via dry bulk and Maersk Broker
• 05:27 Commercial shipping culture and disconnect from seafarers
• 10:57 What PsyFyi does and how the platform works
• 12:48 Why Claire left Intertanko to found a company
• 16:05 Data privacy, benchmarking, and owner reluctance
• 20:09 Measuring organisational culture and communication gaps
• 28:26 Asking better questions and listening properly
• 30:45 Crew engagement rates and using WhatsApp at sea
• 32:23 Charterers, paperwork fatigue, and operational impact
• 37:48 OCIMF, human factors, and enclosed space fatalities
• 42:00 Why shipping struggles to use human element data
• 47:39 Linking crew data to operational KPIs
• 50:09 Advice for women entering maritime
• 51:21 Bootstrapping a maritime technology company

Claire Georgeson joins UnDocked to discuss one of shipping’s most persistent blind spots: the gap between operational performance and the lived reality of seafarers.

Drawing on a career spanning commercial tanker operations, Intertanko, and now her own company PsyFyi, Claire explains why she became increasingly concerned by the disconnect between shore-side commercial decision-making and the operational realities on board vessels. The conversation revisits piracy-era chartering decisions, the industry’s fixation on asset value, and the assumption that crew resilience can endlessly absorb operational pressure.

The discussion then turns to PsyFyi’s approach to collecting human element data directly from seafarers through low-friction messaging platforms such as WhatsApp and Telegram. Claire outlines how anonymised daily feedback allows owners to benchmark communication, motivation, recognition, safety culture, and organisational performance across fleets and crew populations.

Nick and Raal explore why shipping remains highly sophisticated in technical and commercial data collection, yet comparatively immature when it comes to understanding people. Claire argues that fragmented reporting structures, cultural gaps on board, paperwork fatigue, and charterer-driven administrative demands are now materially affecting vessel performance, retention, and safety outcomes.

The episode also examines enclosed space fatalities, the limits of traditional training approaches, and the growing focus on human factors from organisations such as OCIMF. Throughout, the conversation returns to a central question: if seafarers are fundamental to operational performance, why are they still largely treated as a cost centre rather than a strategic asset?

This episode is sponsored by Danelec.

Danelec’s new report, The Great Integration, explores why shipping’s growing volume of disconnected systems and operational data is undermining decision-making across the industry. Produced with Thetius, the report examines how owners can move from fragmented tools to integrated operational intelligence.

Download the report here